Edgar Poe was born the son of itinerant actors on January 19th, 1809 in Boston, Massachusets. Abandoned by his father and the later death of his mother, he was taken into the foster care of John Allan, a Virginia tobacco farmer. Now styled as Edgar Allan Poe, he distinguished himself at the University of Virginia but was equally adept at collecting debts from his assiduous gambling. His stepfather's disapproval shattered their fragile relationship and Poe left home to seek his fortune.
In 1836 he married his cousin Virginia but despite his prolific activities - journalism, poetry, lecturing, short stories, publishing, criticism and experimentation with fictional genres, including the detective novel which he virtually invented with the publication of The Murders in the Rue Morgue 1841 - he received scant recognition for his efforts until the publication of The Raven in 1845. The poem's instant popularity gave him a new visibility in literary circles, but his personal situation remained desperate: poverty, illness, drink, and the physical decline and ultimate death of Virginia in 1847 led to his untimely and premature decline. In 1849 he was found sick, injured and semi-conscious in a Baltimore tavern. Taken to hospital, he lingered on for four days, but never recovered and on October 7th Edgar Allan Poe died at the age of 40.
He was one of the most original writers in the history of American letters - a genius who, thanks to his dire reputation, was tragically misunderstood during his lifetime. It was not until Baudelaire enthusiastically translated his work that he found a wider audience in Europe, and became not only an enormous influence on modern French literature but also on the acclaimed work of writers such as Dostoevsky, Conan Doyle and Jules Verne.
POE EDGAR ALLAN
Hijo de actores ambulantes que nunca conoció, Edgar Allan Poe fue acogido al cumplir dos años por la familia de un comerciante que marchó a Inglaterra en 1815. Cursó sus primeros estudios en internados de Londres y Stoke Newington. Asistió brevemente a la Universidad de Virginia y a la academia militar de West Point. En 1827 publicó Tamerlan y otros poemas, que incluía versos escritos a los catorce años. Ocupó su vida en bares, salas de juego y tribunales de justicia; colaboró con efímeras publicaciones y se enemistó con todos sus colegas. En 1833 The Saturday Visitor premió su Manuscrito encontrado en una botella. Tres años después se desposó con su joven prima y acometió la redacción de las más altas historias de terror y suspense del siglo, prefigurando la literatura del siguiente. En 1841 Los crímenes de la rue Morgue inauguró el género policial. Edgar Allan Poe sobrevivió tres años a la muerte de su esposa. Vencido por el delirium tremens, murió el 7 de octubre de 1849 en la sala común de un hospital de Baltimore.
